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Psychologie

Misogynie


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Wikipedia-logo-v2
Misogynie
Misogynie (von altgriechisch misos „Hass“, und gyne „Frau“) oder Frauenfeindlichkeit ist ein Oberbegriff für soziokulturelle Einstellungsmuster der geringeren Relevanz oder Wertigkeit von Frauen beziehungsweise der höheren Relevanz oder Wertigkeit von Männern. Sie wird sowohl von Männern als auch von Frauen selbst über die psychosoziale Entwicklung verinnerlicht (Sozialisation, Habitualisierung) und stellt die Erzeugungsgrundlage für den hierarchisierenden Geschlechtshabitus von Männlichkeit und Weiblichkeit dar. Sie ist damit die Basis hegemonialer Männlichkeit oder patriarchaler Beziehungsgefüge. Misogynie ist tief in etlichen menschlichen Kulturen verankert. Da sie sozialen Normen oder Idealen jedoch widerspricht, gilt sie gesellschaftlich als „krankhaftes“, „abnormes Gefühl“. Aufgrund dieser fundamentalen Widersprüchlichkeit wird Misogynie gesellschaftlich und individuell meist verdeckt – etwa durch Leugnung, Tabuisierung, Höflichkeit oder sozial erwünschte Gleichheitsrhetorik. Dann bleibt sie individuell unbewusst und gesellschaftlich diffus. Die wissenschaftliche Erforschung von Misogynie begann in den 1950er Jahren. Misogynie ist eine auf Frauen gerichtete Form der Misanthropie („Menschenfeindlichkeit“). Mit der aufkommenden Frauenbewegung im 19. Jahrhundert wurde gesellschaftliche Misogynie zunehmend thematisiert und bekämpft. In der Folge kam im 20. Jahrhundert nun zunehmend die Furcht vor Männerhass und damit der binäre Spiegelbegriff der Misandrie auf.

Kategorien: Psychologie

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